The Fox Terrier was originally bred to chase foxes out of their hiding places during fox hunts. Today, they are primarily family and show dogs.
History
Fox Terriers have a long history behind them. They were companions of kings, entertained the masses in circuses and films, and won more Best-in-Show awards at the Westminster Kennel Club show than any other breed.
When fox hunting became popular in England in the late 18th century, hunters soon discovered that they needed a dog that could "get into the ground" (go into fox dens) and "strike" foxes to drive them from their hiding places. And so the Smooth Fox Terrier was developed.
Although breeders did not keep many records of the breed's development, it is likely that the original Smooth Fox Terriers were a mix of black and tan smooth coated terriers, Bull Terriers, Greyhounds, and Beagles. In 1790, a Colonel Thornton had a portrait painted of his dog Pitch, a Smooth Fox Terrier, which gives us an idea of what the early dogs looked like. They have changed little since then. Famous Smooths of the 19th century who contributed to the development of the breed were Old Jock, born in 1859 at Grove Kennel in England, and Belgrave Joe. By the end of the 19th century a uniform type had been established.
For many years Smooths and Wires were considered to be one breed of two varieties. Their main difference is the coat type and, to some extent, the shape of the head. Despite their similarities in size, shape and temperament, they probably had different ancestors. It is thought that Wires descended from wirehaired black and tan terriers from Wales, Derbyshire, and Durham. Early breeders crossed Wire Fox Terriers liberally with Smooths to give the Wires more white pigmentation, a cleaner cut head, and a more classic outline. However, this crossbreeding is no longer going on, and has not for many years.
Personality
These dogs are alert, lively, and smart. They are also prone to mischief, being charming but cunning. A Fox Terrier can outwit you, but it can also make you laugh at its antics. Their watchful nature makes them excellent watchdogs, but it also means they tend to be annoying barkers. Exuberant and curious, Fox Terriers are friendly to people, but do not hesitate to get into a fight with other dogs.
Known disorders
- Atopy (environmental allergy)
- Hip dysplasia (developmental hip disorder)
